{"id":261727,"date":"2021-08-03T11:37:22","date_gmt":"2021-08-03T08:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/ethereum-2-0-roadmap\/"},"modified":"2025-09-10T09:13:42","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T06:13:42","slug":"ethereum-roadmap","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/en-us\/crypto\/ethereum-roadmap\/","title":{"rendered":"Ethereum 2.0 Network"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>One of the biggest problems blockchain networks have had over the past several years is scaling to meet growing demand. Blockchain networks have become congested and expensive, making them more difficult to use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ethereum recognized this issue and decided to attack it head-on, with a redesign of its <e-tip data-tooltip=\"A decentralised digital ledger that records information relating to cryptocurrency transactions.\">blockchain<\/e-tip> architecture and a mission of scaling its network to lengths never before seen. The redesign, known as Ethereum 2.0, will radically change how the Ethereum network functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is everything you need to know about Ethereum 2.0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Ethereum 2.0?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ethereum 2.0 is a set of upgrades to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/en-us\/crypto\/what-is-ethereum\/\">Ethereum blockchain<\/a>, designed to increase the network\u2019s usability, efficiency, and scalability. This new Ethereum is also being called Eth2, Eth 2.0, or Serenity. Ethereum 2.0 has taken years of planning and implementation, and hundreds of developers working together to make these improvements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why Eth 2.0?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the years, many tokens and decentralized applications have been launched on the Ethereum blockchain. While this is positive news for the network, it has led to a slower performing network and <a href=\"https:\/\/etherscan.io\/chart\/gasprice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">higher transaction fees<\/a> \u2014 which Ethereum refers to as \u201cgas\u201d \u2014 both things that are roadblocks to mass adoption. Eth 2.0 is set to improve the performance and functionality of the Ethereum blockchain through its new structure. As a result, network fees, which have made the network almost unusable, will decrease substantially.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"342\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/5-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-1-1024x342-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-265531 wp-image-desktop\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/5-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-1-1024x342-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/5-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-1-1024x342-1-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/5-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-1-1024x342-1-768x257.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Do Ether holders need to do anything?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>No. Ethereum 2.0 is designed to be implemented without any changes to the Ether cryptocurrency. These changes will not cause any hard fork or migration of Ether, so as long as you have your Ether secured in a wallet or on an exchange like eToro, you are all set. The same goes for holders of Ethereum-based tokens, including any ERC-20 or ERC-721, which will not be affected by the upgrade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key changes\/upgrades in Ethereum 2.0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Proof-of-Stake<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead of relying on miners to validate blocks on its blockchain, Ethereum 2.0 will move the network into a proof-of-stake (PoS) model. In PoS, network validators verify transactions on the blockchain. In order to ensure these validators act in the best interest of the network, they are required to stake Ether in the process. If they act maliciously, the staked Ether is lost, thus creating an economic incentive for all validators to act in the best interest of the network. If validators verify transactions properly they are rewarded with newly minted ether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To increase its security, Ethereum is taking several steps to ensure its new PoS model requires stakeholders to act in the best interest of the network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-block-list wp-block-list-circle\">\n<li>Requires a minimum of 16,384 validators to reduce the risk of centralization<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confiscates staked cryptocurrency by bad actors and removes their ability to stake again<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Allows anyone to validate transactions, not just those with high-powered computing equipment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sharding<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To increase the network\u2019s scalability, Ethereum 2.0 will implement shard chains. The process of sharding allows the blockchain to be split into various chains to divide the work of validating nodes. Think about sharding like opening more lanes on a highway to allow for a greater flow of traffic. This allows more transactions to be processed in parallel, allowing more transactions to be verified in a shorter period of time, increasing the network\u2019s capacity in the process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"342\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/6.-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-2-1024x342-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-265555 wp-image-desktop\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/6.-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-2-1024x342-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/6.-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-2-1024x342-1-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/6.-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-2-1024x342-1-768x257.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Beacon Chain<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The beacon chain is set to introduce PoS into the Ethereum network slowly over time. It acts as the coordination mechanism of the entire network and is the functionality that rewards validators for securing the network and creating new blocks on the blockchain. The beacon chain is also the bridge between the existing Ethereum network and Eth 2.0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ethereum vs Ethereum 2.0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Ethereum blockchain has come a long way since the project\u2019s <e-tip data-tooltip=\"Similar to an IPO, an ICO is when a company looks to raise money to create a new coin, token, or crypto-related service.\">initial coin offering (ICO)<\/e-tip> in 2014. The newly proposed changes in Eth 2.0 mean that the issues of the past could be completely eliminated in its new architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav wp-block-table-content-nav-left\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow-left\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav wp-block-table-content-nav-right\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow-right\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td><b>Ethereum<\/b><\/td><td><b>Ethereum 2.0<\/b><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Consensus mechanism<\/td><td>Proof-of-Work<\/td><td>Proof-of-Stake<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transactions-per-second<\/td><td>30<\/td><td>100,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Environmentally friendly?<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Scalable?<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Shard chains?<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ethereum roadmap<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The upgrade to Ethereum 2.0 won\u2019t happen all at once, and instead, will occur in distinct phases. The hope is that by rolling out major changes to the blockchain in phases that any issues or problems with the Ethereum update can be caught in realtime and dealt with appropriately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This initial part of this process began with rolling out changes on the Ethereum testnet, where the changes could be implemented and tested without fear of mistakes. After successful launches on its testnets, Ethereum is ready to implement Ethereum 2.0 in its multi-phase rollout process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Ethereum roadmap is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-block-list wp-block-list-circle\">\n<li>Phase 0 &#8211; Introduce the beacon chain and start of PoS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Phase 1 &#8211; Introduce shard chains<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Phase 1.5 &#8211; An intermediary phase to merge the Ethereum mainnet to the beacon chain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Phase 2 &#8211; Make shard chains compatible with the entire network, including smart contracts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"342\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/7-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-3-1024x342-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-265579 wp-image-desktop\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/7-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-3-1024x342-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/7-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-3-1024x342-1-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/7-Ethereum-2.0-Roadmap-Body-Image-3-1024x342-1-768x257.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/ethereum.org\/en\/eth2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ethereum.org\/en\/eth2\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How does proof of stake differ from proof of work?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>All blockchains have a consensus mechanism, or, a way in which blockchain transactions are verified to be accurate and true. This is the backbone of what allows blockchains to remain decentralized and without a centralized authority verifying transactions and taking control of the network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first and most well-known consensus mechanism employed by cryptocurrencies is called proof-of-work. In this mechanism, miners solve complex mathematical equations to find the cryptographic hash of the most recent block on the blockchain. Once a miner verifies a block, it is broadcasted to the entire network for verification, and then the block is posted to the blockchain. In other words, miners use significant amounts of power and energy to secure transactions on the network, and in return, are rewarded for their efforts. This is the consensus mechanism utilized by Bitcoin and many <a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/discover\/markets\/cryptocurrencies\/coins\">other cryptocurrencies<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proof-of-stake, on the other hand, uses a method of economic game theory to keep a decentralized network secure. In this mechanism, validators \u2014 known as stakers \u2014 stake their own cryptocurrency to the network for the right to validate transactions. If stakers validate transactions correctly, they are rewarded with cryptocurrency, but if they attempt to act maliciously and trick the network, their previously staked cryptocurrency is lost forever.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This creates an economic incentive for all stakers to act in the best interest of the network. PoS also eliminates the need for energy-intensive processes since no complex calculations are needed by stakers to validate transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav wp-block-table-content-nav-left\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow-left\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav wp-block-table-content-nav-right\"><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow wp-block-table-content-nav-arrow-right\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-table-content-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Proof-of-work<\/td><td>Proof-of-stake<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Who secures transactions?<\/td><td>Miners<\/td><td>Stakers<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>High energy consumption?<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>No<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Special equipment needed?<\/td><td>Depends on network<\/td><td>No<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>How to attack the network<\/td><td>Control a majority of the network\u2019s computing power<\/td><td>Obtain a majority of the network\u2019s cryptocurrency<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>So you want to stake your Ether\u2026<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As previously discussed, anyone can stake ether to become a network validator and receive rewards for validating transactions on the network. But not so fast, this doesn\u2019t come without its own caveats. Here are things to remember if you are looking to stake ether in Ethereum 2.0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ether staking requirements<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-block-list wp-block-list-circle\">\n<li>A minimum of 32 ETH is required to run your own staking node.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Your ether may be locked for an <a href=\"https:\/\/ethereum.org\/en\/eth2\/docking\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" >undetermined amount of time<\/a> and is dependent on when the current Ethereum mainnet is combined with the Eth 2.0 upgrades.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If your staking node goes offline for an extended period of time you will lose a portion of your staked ether.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Staking pools<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you don\u2019t have the required 32 ETH to operate your own node, you can instead stake your ether in a <a href=\"https:\/\/beaconcha.in\/stakingServices\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" >staking pool<\/a>. Staking pools take funds and pool them together for staking on the network. But be warned, using a staking pool this early in the process of Ethereum 2.0 does come with risks. For one, some pools take full control of your ether, and in theory, can defraud you at a moment\u2019s notice. Staking pools also take a fee for their service, which greatly reduces your staking rewards, and may not make the endeavor worthwhile given the risks. Ethereum doesn\u2019t officially endorse any staking pools, which should be a telltale sign of their inherent risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ethereum 2.0 and Bitcoin<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The proposed changes in Eth 2.0 move Ethereum further away from Bitcoin. While these two networks are often compared to one another, Ethereum 2.0 creates an even wider gap in the differences between the two. While Bitcoin remains on a proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism, Ethereum is moving to PoS mechanism which promises higher throughput while reducing its energy consumption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ethereum co-creator Vitalik Buterin noted why PoS is an <a href=\"https:\/\/vitalik.ca\/general\/2020\/11\/06\/pos2020.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" >important aspect of Eth 2.0<\/a>, and how it improves upon the PoW mechanism utilized by Bitcoin and other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/en-us\/crypto\/blockchain-guide\/\">blockchain networks<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><i>\u201cProof of stake is more censorship-resistant. GPU mining and ASIC mining are both very easy to detect: they require huge amounts of electricity consumption, expensive hardware purchases, and large warehouses. PoS staking, on the other hand, can be done on an unassuming laptop and even over a VPN.\u201d<\/i><br>If the PoS upgrade to Ethereum is successful, it could lead Bitcoin developers to wonder if such an upgrade would be worthwhile on its network.<br>Doing so would greatly reduce the environmental impact of Bitcoin, which has been one of its major points of contention in its development and growth, and change the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.etoro.com\/en-us\/crypto\/what-is-bitcoin\/\">definition of the Bitcoin network<\/a> along the way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ethereum 2.0 effects on DeFi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Decentralized finance \u2014 otherwise known as DeFi \u2014 has been the first major use case developed on the Ethereum blockchain. However, with the current Ethereum network, it\u2019s often too costly to carry out smart contracts and transactions needed for the DeFi market. Ethereum 2.0 promises to reduce transaction costs and make it easier to carry out smart contracts needed for DeFi applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the DeFi market could experience some economic drawbacks to these changes as well. In the new PoS mechanism, staking ether to the network rewards validators in a similar way as staking on DeFi protocols. This could cause a shift in market share for some DeFi projects, which could reduce usage as Ethereum staking increases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Potential challenges to Ethereum 2.0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-block-list wp-block-list-circle\">\n<li>One wrong line of code or error could create issues with the entire network moving forward.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00a0The update could not go as planned and take more time than anticipated. Both investors and users of the network could see this as a negative sign and move to other, competing networks as a result.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The staking system now utilized by Ethereum will lock up a large amount of ether for an extended period of time. This could have a negative impact on liquidity in the market, as less ether is available.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The future of Ethereum<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ethereum 2.0 represents the next evolution for Ethereum. The move from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake underscores how big this change really is for the entire network. Ethereum hopes that, with such changes, its network will not only scale more easily but provide users with cheaper transaction fees and increase the network\u2019s usability. If these goals do come true, it\u2019s not hard to imagine Ethereum controlling the market as one of the top blockchain networks for decades to come.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/accounts\/sign-up\">Discover Ethereum<\/a> with eToro<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator wp-block-separator-color-dark-grey wp-block-separator-spaces-medium wp-block-separator-weight-1\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>eToro USA LLC; Investments are subject to market risk, including the possible loss of principal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the biggest problems blockchain networks have had over the past several years is scaling to meet growing demand. Blockchain networks have become congested and expensive, making them more difficult to use. Ethereum recognized this issue and decided to attack it head-on, with a redesign of its blockchain architecture and a mission of scaling&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":75,"featured_media":1033572,"parent":126662,"menu_order":23,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"sticky_cta_settings":"","footnotes":""},"asset_type":[],"class_list":["post-261727","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<title>A guide to Ethereum 2.0, the new Ethereum network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ethereum is undergoing a major network upgrade to Eth 2.0. Learn what this upgrade entails, why it\u2019s happening and what it means for you.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etoro.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/261727\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A guide to Ethereum 2.0, the new Ethereum network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ethereum is undergoing a major network upgrade to Eth 2.0. 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